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Unique seismic and eruption precursors to the 1996 and ongoing magmatic eruptions of Popocatépetl: Coupled and fluidized bed events Unique seismic and eruption precursors to the 1996 and ongoing magmatic eruptions of Popocatépetl: Coupled and fluidized bed events

We describe three unique types of seismicity at Popocatépetl volcano that accompanied the initial vent-clearing eruptive activity in December 1994 through the eruption of the first two domes in 1996. We identify and describe two types of coupled events, 1) spasmodic burst coupled events, a burst of volcano tectonic (VT) events coupled with a large eruptive explosion (21 December 1994 and...
Authors
Wendy A. McCausland, Gema V. Caballero-Jimenez, Enrique Guevara-Ortiz, Nancy Trujillo-Castrillón, Carlos M. Valdés-González, Ángel Gómez-Vázquez, Hugo Delgado-Granados, Alejandra Arciniega-Ceballos, Randall A. White

Seismic techniques and suggested instrumentation to monitor volcanoes Seismic techniques and suggested instrumentation to monitor volcanoes

Authors
Weston A. Thelen, John J. Lyons, Aaron G. Wech, Seth C. Moran, Matthew M. Haney, Ashton F. Flinders

Special topic—Eruption plumes and clouds Special topic—Eruption plumes and clouds

chapter G, this volume; Orr and others, 2024), (3) weather radar, (4) volcanic lightning detection, and (5) ground-based ash sensors and sampling. Explosive eruptions can be detected by a variety of geophysical monitoring, including infrasound (see chapter C, this volume; Lyons and others, 2024) and seismicity (see chapter B, this volume; Thelen and others, 2024). However, those methods...
Authors
David J. Schneider, Alexa R. Van Eaton

Monitoring lahars Monitoring lahars

Authors
Weston A. Thelen, John J. Lyons, Alexandra M. Iezzi, Seth C. Moran

Tracking surface changes caused by volcanic activity Tracking surface changes caused by volcanic activity

chapter L, this volume; Diefenbach, 2024).
Authors
Tim R. Orr, Hannah R. Dietterich, Michael P. Poland

Streams, springs, and volcanic lakes for volcano monitoring Streams, springs, and volcanic lakes for volcano monitoring

chapter K, this volume, on boreholes; Hurwitz and Lowenstern, 2024). Although inferred to be common, relatively few volcano-hydrology anomalies are well documented, and many are essentially anecdotal (Newhall and others, 2001), reflecting the fact that high-resolution time series remain rare. Extreme examples include the 2008 eruption of Nevado del Huila, Colombia, where relatively minor
Authors
Steven E. Ingebritsen, Shaul Hurwitz

Volcanic gas monitoring Volcanic gas monitoring

Authors
Jennifer L. Lewicki, Christoph Kern, Peter J. Kelly, Patricia A. Nadeau, Tamar Elias, Laura E. Clor
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