Nicholas Enwright is a Research Geographer at U.S. Geological Survey's Wetland and Aquatic Research Center in Lafayette, Louisiana.
He received his Ph.D. from Louisiana State University in 2019. Nicholas uses applied coastal geography research to understand how the spatial distribution and patterns of environments, such as barrier islands and coastal wetlands, are changing through time. His research program aims to further science related to natural resource assessments, restoration planning, and monitoring by: (1) developing new data using remote sensing techniques; (2) advancing methodologies for geospatial studies; (3) analyzing spatial data using geographic information science (GIS); and (4) forecasting potential future landscapes using geocomputational modeling. Currently, Nicholas' research team is working on projects that span the northern Gulf of Mexico coast and the Atlantic Seaboard.
Professional Experience
Research Geographer, U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, LA, 2022 to present
Geographer, U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, LA, 2013 to 2022
Geographic Information Specialist II, Five Rivers Services/IAP Worldwide Services, contracted to support the U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center Lafayette, LA, 2010 to 2013
Education and Certifications
Ph.D., 2019, Louisiana State University, Major: Geography and Anthropology; research emphasis: barrier island habitat mapping and modeling
M.S., 2010, University of North Texas, Major: Applied Geography; research emphasis: geospatial analysis of wetlands
Certificate in Geographic Information Systems, 2008, University of North Texas
B.S., 2007, University of North Texas, Major: Geography
Science and Products
Characterizing the Barrier Island Geomorphic State: Indicators of Resistance vs. Resilience
Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) Program-Louisiana Outer Coast Restoration: North Breton Island Component-Monitoring and Adaptive Management
Developing General Coastal Vegetation Maps for Coastal Morphodynamic Models
Puget Sound Marine Benthic Index and Graphical Causal Model
A Tool for Rapid-Repeat High-Resolution Coastal Vegetation Maps to Improve Forecasting of Hurricane Impacts and Coastal Resilience
Barriers and Opportunities for Landward Migration of Coastal Wetlands along Texas' Upper and Middle Coast
Understanding Ecosystem Response and Infrastructure Vulnerability to Sea-Level Rise for Several National Parks and Preserves in the South Atlantic-Gulf Region
Mapping Avian Habitat for the Gulf Coast Joint Venture
Coast Train: Massive Library of Labeled Coastal Images to Train Machine Learning for Coastal Hazards and Resources
Understanding Avian Habitat Availability and Use After Barrier Island Restoration in Coastal Louisiana
Mapping High Marsh along the Northern Gulf of Mexico Coast
Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council Monitoring and Assessment Program Development
Louisiana Outer Coast Restoration Project – 2022 habitat map, North Breton Island
Wetland vegetation and elevation survey within the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, Jacksonville, Florida, 2021–2022
Mangrove damage along northern Gulf of Mexico from extreme freeze event on February 2021
Potential Sea Turtle Nesting Areas for Cat and Ship Island, Mississippi for various years from 1998 to 2016
Vegetation greenness observations by dune crest elevation, East and West Ship Island, Mississippi 2008-2009
Data from: Decision science for management of coastal ecosystems
Whiskey Island Caillou Lake Headlands restoration area 2016–2019 shorelines, Louisiana Barrier Island Comprehensive Monitoring Program
Caminada Headland restoration area 2016-2019 shorelines, Louisiana Barrier Island Comprehensive Monitoring Program
Satellite-based barrier island habitat maps, Whiskey Island, Louisiana, 2012-2020
Satellite-based barrier island habitat maps, Caminada Headland, Louisiana, 2012-2019
Seagrass map, Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi, 2014
Seagrass map, Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi, 2011
Delineation of marsh types from Corpus Christi Bay, Texas, to Perdido Bay, Alabama, in 2010
Integrating remote sensing with ground-based observations to quantify the effects of an extreme freeze event on black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) at the landscape scale
Rapidly changing range limits in a warming world: Critical data limitations and knowledge gaps for advancing understanding of mangrove range dynamics in the southeastern USA
Fusing geophysical and remotely sensed data for observing overwash occurrence, frequency, and impact
Decision science as a framework for combining geomorphological and ecological modeling for the management of coastal systems
A 1.2 billion pixel human-labeled dataset for data-driven classification of coastal environments
Elevation-based probabilistic mapping of irregularly flooded wetlands along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast
Lacunarity as a tool for assessing landscape configuration over time and informing long-term monitoring: An example using seagrass
Migration and transformation of coastal wetlands in response to rising seas
Developing bare-earth digital elevation models from structure-from-motion data on barrier islands
Assessing habitat change and migration of barrier islands
Council monitoring and assessment program (CMAP): Common monitoring program attributes and methodologies for the Gulf of Mexico Region
Council Monitoring and Assessment Program (CMAP): User guide for the Gulf Coast Monitoring and Assessment Portal
Science and Products
- Science
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Characterizing the Barrier Island Geomorphic State: Indicators of Resistance vs. Resilience
The USGS, The Water Institute of the Gulf, and other partners are assessing the resistance and resilience of Louisiana's barrier islands.Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) Program-Louisiana Outer Coast Restoration: North Breton Island Component-Monitoring and Adaptive Management
In order to enhance habitat for nesting Brown Pelicans, terns, Black Skimmers, and gulls, the USFWS has contracted with USGS to conduct project monitoring on North Breton Island from FY23 to FY31. Monitoring conducted by USGS will facilitate evaluation of habitat characteristics and determine restoration success or need for adaptive management.Developing General Coastal Vegetation Maps for Coastal Morphodynamic Models
The USGS is collaborating with researchers from other agencies, academia, and industry to predict coastal impacts from hurricanes. The results from this study will better inform coastal morphological change models, which will lead to improved hurricane impact projections.Puget Sound Marine Benthic Index and Graphical Causal Model
USGS scientists are working with partners at the Puget Sound Partnership and the State of Washington’s Department of Ecology to develop two new tools to help us understand how human disturbance affects life at the top of Puget Sound: a Marine Benthic Index and a graphical causal model.A Tool for Rapid-Repeat High-Resolution Coastal Vegetation Maps to Improve Forecasting of Hurricane Impacts and Coastal Resilience
We will develop and publish a stand-alone Python script to produce high-frequency and high-spatial resolution coastal vegetation maps that leverage new Planet 8-band 3m images, USGS CoNED topo-bathy DEMs, and 3DEP Height Above Ground data. These products will help improve forecasts of hurricane impacts.Barriers and Opportunities for Landward Migration of Coastal Wetlands along Texas' Upper and Middle Coast
Researchers at WARC will use data and models to produce probabilistic maps of current and future wetland inundation, coastal wetland extent, and coastal and wetland trangression.Understanding Ecosystem Response and Infrastructure Vulnerability to Sea-Level Rise for Several National Parks and Preserves in the South Atlantic-Gulf Region
USGS Researchers at the Wetland and Aquatic Research Center and the St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center will provide valuable information to natural resource managers on how important coastal ecosystems in the National Park Service South Atlantic-Gulf Region may change over time. This information could assist with future-focused land management and stewardship.Mapping Avian Habitat for the Gulf Coast Joint Venture
The Gulf Coast Joint Venture (GCJV) was established in 1988 as a result of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan, which espouses the restoration of continental waterfowl populations through conservation partnerships in priority habitat regions. Since that time GCJV partners have expanded their mission and purpose to include the provision of habitat to support other priority bird species...Coast Train: Massive Library of Labeled Coastal Images to Train Machine Learning for Coastal Hazards and Resources
Scientists who study coastal ecosystems and hazards such as hurricanes, flooding, and cliff failure collect lots of photographs of coastal environments from airplanes and drones. A large area can be surveyed at high resolution and low cost. Additionally, satellites such as Landsat have provided imagery of the Nation’s coastlines every few days for decades. Scientist’s ability to understand coastal...Understanding Avian Habitat Availability and Use After Barrier Island Restoration in Coastal Louisiana
Using ecological and geographical data, WARC researchers and their partners are analyzing avian and benthic sampling on Whiskey Island and Caminda Headland to compare pre- and post-restoration aspects of habitat occupancy, habitat availability, habitat use, and kernal density estimation.Mapping High Marsh along the Northern Gulf of Mexico Coast
USGS is collaborating with Mississippi State University to investigate the effects of fire on Gulf of Mexico marshes. The project will include mapping high marsh and monitoring black rail, yellow rail, and mottled duck responses to prescribed fire application.Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council Monitoring and Assessment Program Development
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and USGS will jointly lead the development of foundational components for Gulf region-wide monitoring. - Data
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Louisiana Outer Coast Restoration Project – 2022 habitat map, North Breton Island
This data release includes 2022 data for the Louisiana Outer Coast Restoration Project for North Breton Island. Specifically, this data release includes a detailed habitat map, general habitat map, georeferenced imagery, and a bare-earth digital elevation model (DEM) developed from light detection and ranging data. These habitat maps are developed using the methods and classification scheme from LWetland vegetation and elevation survey within the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, Jacksonville, Florida, 2021–2022
Vegetation and elevation data were collected using a real-time kinematic global positioning system (RTK GPS) in coastal wetlands at the National Park Service’s Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve in summer 2021 and winter 2022 (n = 362). For each 0.5-by-0.5 m plot, the following data were collected: 1) percent cover by vegetation species; 2) percent cover by vegetation classes based on heighMangrove damage along northern Gulf of Mexico from extreme freeze event on February 2021
Climate change is altering the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Quantifying ecosystem responses to extreme events at the landscape scale is critical for understanding and responding to climate-driven change but is constrained by limited data availability. Here, we integrated remote sensing with ground-based observations to quantify landscape-scale vegetation damage from an extremPotential Sea Turtle Nesting Areas for Cat and Ship Island, Mississippi for various years from 1998 to 2016
The Mississippi Coastal Improvement Program (MsCIP) Monitoring and Adaptive Management Program (MAMP) notes that five sea turtle species are found in the northern Gulf of Mexico, including loggerhead, green, Kemp’s ridley, leatherback, and hawksbill. Green, loggerhead, and Kemp’s ridley sea turtles are regularly documented in the waters surrounding the barrier islands of Gulf Islands National SeasVegetation greenness observations by dune crest elevation, East and West Ship Island, Mississippi 2008-2009
This data release provides greenness for the dune crest and nearby backslope of the dune estimated from cloud-free 30-m satellite imagery during the hurricane seasons for 2008 and 2009 for East and West Ship Island, Mississippi. These data also include dune crest elevation from September 2008 produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (https://doi.org/10.5066/F7GF0S0Z).Data from: Decision science for management of coastal ecosystems
Coastal management decisions are complex and include challenging tradeoffs. Decision science offers a useful framework to address such complex problems. We illustrate the process with several coastal restoration studies. Our capstone example is based on a recent barrier island restoration assessment project at Dauphin Island, Alabama, which included the development of geomorphological and ecologicWhiskey Island Caillou Lake Headlands restoration area 2016–2019 shorelines, Louisiana Barrier Island Comprehensive Monitoring Program
This data package includes a high-water shoreline position map and a structures map for each year from 2016–2019 for the Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) Caillou Lake Headlands project area (TE-0100), also known as Whiskey Island. The project created 170 acres of marsh habitat and 917 acres of dune and beach habitat on Whiskey Island in Terrebonne Parish using material dredged from Ship SCaminada Headland restoration area 2016-2019 shorelines, Louisiana Barrier Island Comprehensive Monitoring Program
This data package includes a high-water shoreline position map and a structures map for each year from 2016–2019 for the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) Caminada Headland Beach and Dune Restoration Incr2 project area (BA-0143). The project restored 489 acres of beach and dune habitat along more than seven miles of Caminada Headland in Jefferson and Lafourche Parishes through the direcSatellite-based barrier island habitat maps, Whiskey Island, Louisiana, 2012-2020
This product is a satellite-based habitat map time series from 2012 to 2020 for the Whiskey Island reach of the Louisiana Gulf shoreline to facilitate monitoring of the Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) Caillou Lake Headlands project area (TE-0100), also known as Whiskey Island. The project created 170 acres of marsh habitat and 917 acres of dune and beach habitat on Whiskey Island in TerrSatellite-based barrier island habitat maps, Caminada Headland, Louisiana, 2012-2019
This product is a satellite-based habitat map time series from 2012 to 2019 for the Caminada Headland reach of the Louisiana Gulf shoreline to facilitate monitoring of the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) Caminada Headland Beach and Dune Restoration Incr2 project area (BA-0143). The project restored 489 acres of beach and dune habitat along more than seven miles of Caminada Headland inSeagrass map, Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi, 2014
This product depicts the spatial coverage of seagrass beds from 0.5-m color-infrared orthoimagery for Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi from early fall of 2014. Specifically, the map includes presence and absence of seagrass beds within a potential seagrass extent that was based on topobathymetric data. A minimum mapping unit of 4 square meters was used for this mapping effort.Seagrass map, Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi, 2011
This product depicts the spatial coverage of seagrass beds from 0.5-m color-infrared orthoimagery for Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi from early fall of 2011. Specifically, the map includes presence and absence of seagrass beds within a potential seagrass extent that was based on topobathymetric data. A minimum mapping unit of 4 square meters was used for this mapping effort. - Maps
Delineation of marsh types from Corpus Christi Bay, Texas, to Perdido Bay, Alabama, in 2010
Coastal zone managers and researchers often require detailed information regarding emergent marsh vegetation types (that is, fresh, intermediate, brackish, and saline) for modeling habitat capacities and needs of marsh dependent taxa (such as waterfowl and alligator). Detailed information on the extent and distribution of emergent marsh vegetation types throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico coast - Multimedia
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Integrating remote sensing with ground-based observations to quantify the effects of an extreme freeze event on black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) at the landscape scale
Climate change is altering the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Quantifying ecosystem responses to extreme events at the landscape scale is critical for understanding and responding to climate-driven change but is constrained by limited data availability. Here, we integrated remote sensing with ground-based observations to quantify landscape-scale vegetation damage from an extremAuthorsMelinda Martinez, Michael Osland, James B. Grace, Nicholas Enwright, Camille Stagg, Simen Kaalstad, Gordon Anderson, Anna R. Armitage, Just Cebrian, Karen L. Cummins, Richard Day, Donna J. Devlin, Kenneth H. Dunton, Laura Feher, Alejandro Fierro-Cabo, Elena A. Flores, Andrew From, A. Randall Hughes, David A. Kaplan, Amy K. Langston, Christopher J. Miller, Charles E. Proffitt, Nathan G.F. Reaver, Colt R. Sanspree, Caitlin M. Snyder, Andrew P. Stetter, Kathleen M. Swanson, Jamie E. Thompson, Carlos Zamora-TovarRapidly changing range limits in a warming world: Critical data limitations and knowledge gaps for advancing understanding of mangrove range dynamics in the southeastern USA
Climate change is altering species’ range limits and transforming ecosystems. For example, warming temperatures are leading to the range expansion of tropical, cold-sensitive species at the expense of their cold-tolerant counterparts. In some temperate and subtropical coastal wetlands, warming winters are enabling mangrove forest encroachment into salt marsh, which is a major regime shift that hasAuthorsRémi Bardou, Michael Osland, Steven B. Scyphers, Christine C. Shepard, Karen E. Aerni, Jahson B. Alemu, Robert Crimian, Richard Day, Nicholas Enwright, Laura Feher, Sarah L. Gibbs, Kiera O'Donnell, Savannah H. Swinea, Kalaina Thorne, Sarit Truskey, Anna R. Armitage, Ronald J. Baker, Joshua L. Breithaupt, Kyle C. Cavanaugh, Just Cebrian, Karen Cummins, Donna J. Devlin, Jacob Doty, William L. Ellis, Ilka C. Feller, Christopher A. Gabler, Yiyang Kang, David A. Kaplan, John Paul Kennedy, Ken Krauss, Margaret Lamont, Kam-biu Liu, Melinda Martinez, Ashley M. Matheny, Giovanna M. McClenachan, Karen L. McKee, Irving A. Mendelssohn, Thomas C. Michot, Christopher J. Miller, Jena A. Moon, Ryan P. Moyer, James A. Nelson, Richard O'Connor, James W. Pahl, Jonathan L. Pitchford, C. Edward Proffitt, Tracy Quirk, Kara R. Radabaugh, Whitney A. Scheffel, Delbert L. Smee, Caitlin M. Snyder, Eric Sparks, Kathleen M. Swanson, William C. Vervaeke, Carolyn A. Weaver, Jonathan A Willis, Erik S. Yando, Qiang Yao, A. Randall HughesFusing geophysical and remotely sensed data for observing overwash occurrence, frequency, and impact
Overwash is an important process that enables a barrier island to migrate landward to adapt to rising sea levels but can also impact vegetated areas and create coastal hazards for populated barrier islands. Our overall objectives were to hindcast overwash events from September 2008 to November 2009 and assess whether overwash impacts could be detected using moderate-resolution imagery (30 m). EstiAuthorsNicholas Enwright, P. Soupy Dalyander, Robert L Jenkins, Elizabeth S. Godsey, Spencer J. StellyDecision science as a framework for combining geomorphological and ecological modeling for the management of coastal systems
The loss of ecosystem services due to climate change and coastal development is projected to have significant impacts on local economies and conservation of natural resources. Consequently, there has been an increase in coastal management activities such as living shorelines, oyster reef restoration, marsh restoration, beach and dune nourishment, and revegetation projects. Coastal management decisAuthorsJulien Martin, Matthew S. Richardson, Davina Passeri, Nicholas Enwright, Simeon Yurek, James Flocks, Mitchell Eaton, Sara Zeigler, Hadi Charkhgard, Bradley James Udell, Elise IrwinA 1.2 billion pixel human-labeled dataset for data-driven classification of coastal environments
The world’s coastlines are spatially highly variable, coupled-human-natural systems that comprise a nested hierarchy of component landforms, ecosystems, and human interventions, each interacting over a range of space and time scales. Understanding and predicting coastline dynamics necessitates frequent observation from imaging sensors on remote sensing platforms. Machine Learning models that carryAuthorsDaniel Buscombe, Phillipe Alan Wernette, Sharon Fitzpatrick, Jaycee Favela, Evan B. Goldstein, Nicholas EnwrightElevation-based probabilistic mapping of irregularly flooded wetlands along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast
Irregularly flooded wetlands are found above the mean high water tidal datum and are exposed to tides and saltwater less frequently than daily. These wetlands provide important ecosystem services, such as providing habitat for fish and wildlife, enhancing water quality, ameliorating flooding impacts, supporting coastal food webs, and protecting upslope areas from erosion. Mapping irregularly floodAuthorsNicholas Enwright, Wyatt C. Cheney, Kristine O. Evans, Hana R. Thurman, Mark S. Woodrey, Auriel M.V. Fournier, Dean B. Gesch, Jonathan L. Pitchford, Jason M. Stoker, Stephen C. MedeirosLacunarity as a tool for assessing landscape configuration over time and informing long-term monitoring: An example using seagrass
ContextSeagrasses are submerged marine plants that have been declining globally at increasing rates. Natural resource managers rely on monitoring programs to detect and understand changes in these ecosystems. Technological advancements are allowing for the development of patch-level seagrass maps, which can be used to explore seagrass meadow spatial patterns.ObjectivesOur research questions involvAuthorsNicholas Enwright, Kelly M. Darnell, Greg A. CarterMigration and transformation of coastal wetlands in response to rising seas
Coastal wetlands are not only among the world’s most valued ecosystems but also among the most threatened by high greenhouse gas emissions that lead to accelerated sea level rise. There is intense debate regarding the extent to which landward migration of wetlands might compensate for seaward wetland losses. By integrating data from 166 estuaries across the conterminous United States, we show thatAuthorsMichael Osland, Bogdan Chivoiu, Nicholas Enwright, Karen M. Thorne, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, James Grace, Leah Dale, William Brooks, Nathaniel Herold, John W. Day, Fred H. Sklar, Christopher M. SwarzenskiByEcosystems Mission Area, Water Resources Mission Area, Climate Research and Development Program, Land Management Research Program, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center, Western Ecological Research Center (WERC), Wetland and Aquatic Research Center , Gulf of MexicoDeveloping bare-earth digital elevation models from structure-from-motion data on barrier islands
Unoccupied aerial systems can collect aerial imagery that can be used to develop structure-from-motion products with a temporal resolution well-suited to monitoring dynamic barrier island environments. However, topographic data created using photogrammetric techniques such as structure-from-motion represent the surface elevation including the vegetation canopy. Additional processing is required foAuthorsNicholas Enwright, Christine J. Kranenburg, Brett Patton, P. Soupy Dalyander, Jenna A. Brown, Sarai Piazza, Wyatt C CheneyAssessing habitat change and migration of barrier islands
Barrier islands are dynamic environments that experience gradual change from waves, tides, and currents, and rapid change from extreme storms. These islands are expected to change drastically over the coming century due to accelerated sea-level rise and changes in frequency and intensity of storm events. The dynamic nature of barrier islands coupled with the importance of these environments make iAuthorsNicholas Enwright, Lei Wang, P. Soupy Dalyander, Hongqing Wang, Michael Osland, Rangley C. Mickey, Robert L. Jenkins, Elizabeth GodseyCouncil monitoring and assessment program (CMAP): Common monitoring program attributes and methodologies for the Gulf of Mexico Region
Executive Summary Under the Resources and Ecosystem Sustainability, Tourist Opportunities, and Revived Economies of the Gulf Coast States Act of 2012 (RESTORE Act), the Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council (RESTORE Council or Council) is required to report on the progress of funded projects and programs. Systematic monitoring of restoration at the project-specific and programmatic-levels (i.e.AuthorsJulie Bosch, Heidi B Burkart, Bogdan Chivoiu, Randy Clark, Chris Clement, Nicholas Enwright, Steve Giordano, Chris Jeffrey, Ed Johnson, Rheannon Hart, Sarah D Hile, Jacob S Howell, Claudia Laurenzano, Michael Lee, Terrance McCloskey, Terry McTigue, Michelle B Meyers, Katie E Miller, Scott Mize, Mark E. Monaco, Kevin Owen, Richard Rebich, Samuel H. Rendon, Ali Robertson, Thomas Sample, Kelly Marie Sanks, Gregory Steyer, Kevin Suir, Christopher M. Swarzenski, Hana Rose ThurmanCouncil Monitoring and Assessment Program (CMAP): User guide for the Gulf Coast Monitoring and Assessment Portal
The Resources and Ecosystems Sustainability, Tourist Opportunities, and Revived Economies of the Gulf Coast States Act (RESTORE Act Final Rule at 31 C.F.R. Part 34) was signed into law on July 6, 2012. The RESTORE Act calls for a regional approach to restoring the long-term health of the valuable natural ecosystem and economy of the Gulf Coast region. The RESTORE Act dedicates 80 percent of civilAuthorsKevin Suir, Hana R. Thurman, Anthony Kuczynski, Philip Quibodeaux, Sumani Chimmula, Jake Howell, Heidi Burkart, Nicholas Enwright, Kari Cretini, Mark McKelvy - News