Images

Plot of ground motion as recorded by a GPS station at Kīlauea's summit (red) and the Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō vent (blue) for the 8 months leading up to the 2018 eruption. Note the sharp increase indicating pressurization beginning in March. Image shows an aerial view of Halema‘uma‘u crater and the actively overflowing lava lake on April 23, 2018. 

A view into the center of Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō. Collapses on the crater walls have enlarged sections of the crater and filled the bottom of the crater with rockfall debris. The deepest portion of the crater is about 286 m (938 ft) below the crater floor that existed prior to the collapse on April 30, 2018. Steam rises from the loose rock on the crater floor. USGS image by F.

On May 7, 2019, field crews visited a telemetry hub on the rim of Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō to assess damage after a small collapse on May 1. During the overflight, photos and observations were made of the Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō crater. The crater walls expose a clear sequence of lava flows and cinder that built the cone in the early 1980s. USGS image by F. Younger.

This lava fountain, which erupted on September 6, 1969, during the Mauna Ulu eruption, was about 540 m (1770 ft) tall. The tephra cone, eventually named Mauna Ulu, can be seen in the fallout area (right of the fountains. in middle of image). It is now a 121 m (397 ft) tall lava shield in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park.

Teaching Through Technology (T3) Alliance students in the University of Hawai‘i at Hilo Upward Bound summer program install a large display showing measurements from their air-quality monitoring station outside the Pāhoa Community Center, which was used as a temporary shelter for displaced residents from Kīlauea Volcano's 2018 eruption.

Good weather provided clear views of Halema‘uma‘u during a routine visit to the webcam on the northwest rim of the caldera.

Students from the Teaching Through Technology (T3) Alliance, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo Upward Bound summer program, install an air-quality monitoring station outside the Dragon's Eye Learning Center on Papaya Farms Road. Photo courtesy of Adam Low, T3 Alliance.

HVO geologist Matthew Patrick being interviewed on the Kīlauea lava-flow field for a documentary about Hawaiian volcanism. Growing lava delta (left background) steaming at the point of ocean entry.

William Clark's 1814 map, indicating the route of John Colter during the winter of 1807-1808. (Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division, Washington, D.C.)

Amphitheater Mountain and Soda Butte Creek viewed from the northeast entrance road. National Park Service photo by Jacob Frank, June 29, 2017.

A field team from the USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory discuss station maintenance plans on the north side of Mount St. Helens, Washington. Pictured in the center of the crater is a steaming lava dome from the 2004-08 eruption, and the fractured surface of Crater Glacier emerging from the gap on the north flank.  

An HVO geologist walks along the summit trail, with Mauna Kea in the background.

HVO geologists made a routine visit to the webcam monitoring Halema‘uma‘u. No changes were observed in the pit, but views were hampered by poor weather and thick fog.

HVO staff visited the summit of Mauna Loa on foot to repair the webcam. The weather was perfectly clear, and views of the caldera floor showed nothing unusual.

Serapeum, a Roman Marketplace in Pozzuoli, Italy, records deformation of Campi Flegrei caldera over two millennia. It was built above sea level about 2000 years ago, but mollusk borings on the large marble columns indicate that it subsided by 7 meters (23 feet) below sea level before being uplifted above sea level once more in the past several hundred years.

Map showing the minimum area covered by volcanic ash from eruptions of Valles Ca

Hawaiian Volcano Observatory field crews establish a new MultiGAS volcanic gas monitoring station on the south side of Kīlauea Volcano's caldera. Currently, sulfur dioxide emission rates from the summit remain low. The station will collect data to track emission rates and concentrations over time. Photo by Frank Younger.

HVO scientists inspect a seismic station on Mauna Loa to evaluate for a possible equipment upgrade in the near future.

HVO scientists measure a GPS instrument to ensure its stability during a multi-day deployment in the Kahuku Unit of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park.

This is a view of the summit area from the southwest, showing the collapsed area of Halema‘uma‘u and the adjacent caldera floor. A section of Crater Rim Drive preserved on a down-dropped block is visible at the far right.

Earthquakes (red dots) track the progression of the magmatic intrusion from Kīlauea Volcano's middle East Rift Zone to the lower East Rift Zone between April 30 and May 3, 2018. Orange triangles show the locations of fissure 1 (right), which erupted on May 3, and Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō (left).