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Eyes on Earth is a podcast on remote sensing, Earth observation, land change and science, brought to you by the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. 

Click on an episode title below to visit the episode page. Episode pages include related content, transcript access, and full episode credits.

Search the podcast archive by topic here.

The Eyes on Earth podcast is currently hosted by Tom Adamson, Jane Lawson, and Sheri Levisay (contractors for USGS EROS). Episodes are produced by Tom Adamson. Past hosts include John Hult and Steve Young (contractors for USGS EROS). Past producers include John Hult and Brian Hauge (contractors for USGS EROS). 
 

Latest Episodes

Episode 137 – Landsat Takes Yellowstone’s Temperature

Release date: Monday, December 8, 2025
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A background photo of a pool of water with a natural fountain in an area surrounded by evergreens, plus two men's mugshots
Terry Sohl (left) and R. Greg Vaughan

The Yellowstone National Park area has more than 10,000 thermal features. And while Old Faithful is a pretty predictable geyser, some thermal features can change quite a bit. New ones can even pop up! Remote sensing provides a tool for monitoring them—especially the thermal infrared sensors (TIRS) on Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 satellites. 

In this episode, R. Greg Vaughan, the remote sensing lead for the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, describes what causes the thermal features and how he uses Landsat and other remote sensing data to track their locations and estimate their temperatures. Then Terry Sohl, the Integrated Science and Applications Branch chief at USGS EROS, describes a couple of other important uses of Landsat thermal data.

Guests: R. Greg Vaughan, USGS Astrogeology Science Center
Terry Sohl, USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center

 

Episode 136 – The EROS Test Site

Release date: Thursday, June 12, 2025 
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Two men are working with equipment in a grassy area with trees in the background
Jeff Irwin (left) and Travis Kropuenske

Landsat has been accurate and reliable for over 50 years because of the diligent calibration and validation work done by the team at EROS. One of the ways the team validates what they have so carefully calibrated is to take measurements on the ground while Landsat passes by overhead. For this episode, we go out to the EROS test site during a Landsat pass to get a sense of what that work is like. Learn about the instruments used for this work and why it’s important to keeping Landsat as the gold standard for Earth observations.

Guests: 
Jeff Irwin, USGS EROS
Travis Kropuenske, KBR, contractor for USGS EROS 

Episode 135 – Exotic Annual Grasses and Sheep Grazing

Release date: Tuesday, May 27, 2025
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A mountainside with sheep and tree trunks, plus mugshots of three men and a woman, plus a white title
Trenton Benedict (from top), Matthew Rigge, Kelly Hopping and Devendra Dahal.

Exotic annual grasses, or EAGs, are invasive species. They outcompete native grasses. They are extremely flammable. And they are expanding into higher elevations. Targeted sheep grazing is one way to combat these invasive grasses, manage fire risk, and help restore native sagebrush in western states. 

The EROS team releases weekly EAG maps during the peak green-up in late April to early June, along with annual phenology maps to show the seasonal timing of the green-up. Dr. Kelly Hopping at Boise State University is using these maps to see whether targeted sheep grazing can help manage EAGs. The maps help researchers work with sheep producers to know when is the best time to move the sheep into those areas so their grazing can do the most good. The sheep then, as a part of the team solving the problem of invasive grasses, get to eat in the field when they might not otherwise have grazing available. Learn more in this Eyes on Earth episode.

Guests:
Kelly Hopping, Boise State University
Matthew Rigge, USGS EROS
Devendra Dahal, KBR, contractor for USGS EROS
Trenton Benedict, KBR, contractor for USGS EROS

 

Episode 134 – Data Accuracy: The Calibration and Validation of Landsat

Release date: Monday, May 5, 2025
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A man stands by a giant globe in a long hallway with skylights and a little white text on top
Cody Anderson

Landsat is the longest-running, continuously operating record of Earth observations, and it’s the gold standard reference point that other civil and commercial satellite programs trust. If a researcher is studying multiple Landsat images of the same spot on Earth, and there is something in those images that suggests a change, that researcher needs to have the confidence that that change is a real change on the landscape and not because of something that changed or degraded in the sensor. Think of it this way. We are using a system to quantify changes on the Earth—we need to make sure the system itself is not changing.

Guest: Cody Anderson, USGS EROS

 

Episode 133 – Vietnam War Bomb Craters

Release date: Monday, April 21, 2025
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A black and white satellite image with several words in white on top, plus a color mugshot of a man
Philipp Barthelme

Declassified spy satellite imagery, distributed by the USGS EROS Center, is finding fascinating uses since being made available to the public starting in the 1990s. In this episode, we talk with Philipp Barthelme from the University of Edinburgh, who used imagery from the declassified HEXAGON and CORONA satellites to map bomb craters and herbicide spray lines from the Vietnam War. These features appear in the black and white photos quite clearly, so Barthelme worked out machine learning methods to automatically detect them. This method can help narrow down where to search for unexploded weapons and focus on the areas that are most contaminated. 

Guest: Philipp Barthelme, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

 

Episode 132 – Moving Forward with AI at EROS

Release date: Tuesday, April 1, 2025
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An image with a little text in white, a brain with several lights in the background and four men's mugshots
Clockwise from top left: Rylie Fleckenstein, Pete Doucette, Neal Pastick & Terry Sohl

Eyes on Earth tackles artificial intelligence (AI) in a 2-part episode. AI is quickly becoming a necessary part of geospatial work at EROS, helping us efficiently do science to better manage our world. In Part 1, we talked about AI’s current and upcoming impact on our work at EROS and clarified some of the AI jargon. The successful use of AI to make NLCD an annual product was a key example.

In Part 2, we discuss another potential application of AI—keeping Landsat satellites safe and healthy in orbit. Additionally, guests comment on how readily staff are adapting to using this rapidly evolving technology. They discuss the biggest benefits and challenges we face in using AI. Among the benefits are making EROS data products more accurate and reliable and getting them to the public in a more timely fashion.

Guests: 

Pete Doucette, USGS EROS
Terry Sohl, USGS EROS
Neal Pastick, USGS EROS
Rylie Fleckenstein, contractor for USGS EROS

 

Episode 131 – Using AI in Geospatial Work

Release Date: Monday, March 3, 2025
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Thumbnail image for Eyes on Earth Episode 131 – Using AI in Geospatial Work, showing photos of the four guests
Rylie Fleckenstein, Pete Doucette, Terry Sohl, & Neal Pastick

Eyes on Earth tackles artificial intelligence (AI) in a 2-part episode. AI is quickly becoming a necessary part of geospatial work at EROS, helping us efficiently do science to better manage our world. In Part 1, EROS Director Pete Doucette discusses AI and its current and upcoming impact on our work at EROS. To help clarify AI terminology such as machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, transformers, and foundation models, we also talk to scientists who are using AI. And we learn about how AI enabled the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) to become an annual product.

Part 2 will discuss one more potential application of AI—keeping Landsat satellites safe and healthy in orbit. We also have all of our guests comment on AI’s challenges and benefits.

Guests: 
Pete Doucette, USGS EROS
Terry Sohl, USGS EROS
Neal Pastick, USGS EROS
Rylie Fleckenstein, contractor for USGS EROS

 

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