Hydrologist for the Washington Water Science Center
Science and Products
Element concentrations and grain size of sediment from the Similkameen River above Enloe Dam (Enloe Reservoir) near Oroville, Washington, 2019
In 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a reconnaissance survey of concentrations of 41 trace elements present in bed sediment in the reservoir on the Similkameen River upstream from Enloe Dam, near Oroville, Washington. The Similkameen River drains a watershed containing highly mineralized geologic deposits with current (2019) and historical mining activity. Results of this survey indicated
Assessing climate change impacts on Pacific salmon using bioenergetics and spatiotemporal explicit river temperature predictions under varying riparian conditions
Microplastics in the Delaware River, northeastern United States
Evidence for rapid gut clearance of microplastic polyester fibers fed to Chinook Salmon: A tank study
Microplastics in Lake Mead National Recreation Area, USA: Occurrence and biological uptake
Concentrations of nutrients at the water table beneath forage fields receiving seasonal applications of manure, Whatcom County, Washington, autumn 2011–spring 2015
Juvenile coho salmon growth and health in streams across an urbanization gradient
Preliminary characterization of nitrogen and phosphorus in groundwater discharging to Lake Spokane, northeastern Washington, using stable nitrogen isotopes
Transport and deposition of asbestos-rich sediment in the Sumas River, Whatcom County, Washington
Assessing water quality related to stormwater runoff on Quinault Nation Tribal lands
Baseline assessment of PAH concentrations in fish from the Stillaguamish River, Washington
Trend and source identification of mercury contamination in Mid-Columbia Basin Pacific lamprey larvae
White River Bioenergetics
Quinault River water temperature and salmon bioenergetics model data
Counts, Fish Weights, and Spectral Data from a Juvenile Chinook Salmon Polyester Microplastic Fiber Exposure Study
Water temperature and riparian vegetation survey data for the lower Quinault River, WA for select periods in 2018 and 2019
Microplastics in the Delaware River, 2018
Microplastics data collected from streams in the northeastern United States, 2017-2018
Influence of urbanization on the health of juvenile salmonids in Pacific Northwest perennial streams
Concentration of nitrate and other water-quality constituents in groundwater from the water table beneath forage fields receiving seasonal applications of dairy manure, Whatcom County, Washington (2015)
Science and Products
- Publications
Element concentrations and grain size of sediment from the Similkameen River above Enloe Dam (Enloe Reservoir) near Oroville, Washington, 2019
In 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a reconnaissance survey of concentrations of 41 trace elements present in bed sediment in the reservoir on the Similkameen River upstream from Enloe Dam, near Oroville, Washington. The Similkameen River drains a watershed containing highly mineralized geologic deposits with current (2019) and historical mining activity. Results of this survey indicated
AuthorsStephen E. Cox, Christopher A. Curran, Andrew R. Spanjer, Chad C. Opatz, Renee K. Takesue, J. Lynn BellAssessing climate change impacts on Pacific salmon using bioenergetics and spatiotemporal explicit river temperature predictions under varying riparian conditions
Pacific salmon and trout populations are affected by timber harvest, the removal and alteration of riparian vegetation, and the resulting physical changes to water quality, temperature, and associated delivery of high-quality terrestrial prey. Juvenile salmon and trout growth, a key predictor of survival, is poorly understood in the context of current and future (climate-change mediated) conditionAuthorsAndrew Spanjer, Andrew S. Gendaszek, Elyse J. Wulfkuhle, Robert W. Black, Kristin JaegerMicroplastics in the Delaware River, northeastern United States
Microplastics are a contaminant of increasing concern in aquatic environments. Our understanding of microplastics in freshwater environments has increased dramatically over the past decade, but we still lack information on microplastic occurrence and biological uptake in National Park Service (NPS) waters. During 2015–19, the U.S. Geological Survey and the NPS conducted a three-phase study of micrAuthorsAustin K. Baldwin, Andrew R. Spanjer, Brett Hayhurst, Donald HamiltonEvidence for rapid gut clearance of microplastic polyester fibers fed to Chinook Salmon: A tank study
Marine and freshwater plastic pollution is a challenging issue receiving large amounts of research and media attention. Yet, few studies have documented the impact of microplastic ingestion to aquatic organisms. In the Pacific Northwest, Chinook salmon are a culturally and commercially significant fish species. The presence of marine and freshwater microplastic pollution is well documented in ChinAuthorsAndrew Spanjer, Theresa L. Liedtke, Kathleen E. Conn, Lisa K. Weiland, Robert W. Black, Nathan GodfreyMicroplastics in Lake Mead National Recreation Area, USA: Occurrence and biological uptake
Microplastics are an environmental contaminant of growing concern, but there is a lack of information about microplastic distribution, persistence, availability, and biological uptake in freshwater systems. This is especially true for large river systems like the Colorado River that spans multiple states through mostly rural and agricultural land use. This study characterized the quantity and morpAuthorsAustin K. Baldwin, Andrew Spanjer, Michael R. Rosen, Theresa ThomConcentrations of nutrients at the water table beneath forage fields receiving seasonal applications of manure, Whatcom County, Washington, autumn 2011–spring 2015
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Whatcom Conservation District (WCD), collected groundwater-quality data for roughly 3 years (October 2011–May 2015) from near the water table beneath forage fields receiving regular seasonal applications of liquid dairy manure in Whatcom County, Washington. The work was done as part of an evaluation of WCD’s prototypical Application Risk ManagemeAuthorsStephen E. Cox, Andrew R. Spanjer, Raegan L. Huffman, Robert W. Black, Jack E. Barbash, Nichole M. EmbertsonJuvenile coho salmon growth and health in streams across an urbanization gradient
Expanding human population and urbanization alters freshwater systems through structural changes to habitat, temperature effects from increased runoff and reduced canopy cover, altered flows, and increased toxicants. Current stream assessments stop short of measuring health or condition of species utilizing these freshwater habitats and fail to link specific stressors mechanistically to the healthAuthorsAndrew R. Spanjer, Patrick W. Moran, Kimberly Larsen, Lisa Wetzel, Adam G. Hansen, David A. BeauchampPreliminary characterization of nitrogen and phosphorus in groundwater discharging to Lake Spokane, northeastern Washington, using stable nitrogen isotopes
Lake Spokane, locally referred to as Long Lake, is a 24-mile-long section of the Spokane River impounded by Long Lake Dam that has, in recent decades, experienced water-quality problems associated with eutrophication. Consumption of oxygen by the decomposition of aquatic plants that have proliferated because of high nutrient concentrations has led to seasonally low dissolved oxygen concentrationsAuthorsAndrew S. Gendaszek, Stephen E. Cox, Andrew R. SpanjerTransport and deposition of asbestos-rich sediment in the Sumas River, Whatcom County, Washington
Heavy sediment loads in the Sumas River of Whatcom County, Washington, increase seasonal turbidity and cause locally acute sedimentation. Most sediment in the Sumas River is derived from a deep-seated landslide of serpentinite that is located on Sumas Mountain and drained by Swift Creek, a tributary to the Sumas River. This mafic sediment contains high amounts of naturally occurring asbestiform chAuthorsChristopher A. Curran, Scott W. Anderson, Jack E. Barbash, Christopher S. Magirl, Stephen E. Cox, Katherine K. Norton, Andrew S. Gendaszek, Andrew R. Spanjer, James R. Foreman - Science
Assessing water quality related to stormwater runoff on Quinault Nation Tribal lands
The Issue: Clean and abundant freshwater supports a diverse low-land habitat in the Quinault Indian Nation (QIN). The area supports numerous large mammals, birds, all species of Pacific salmon and trout, and diverse flora. The multiple small to medium-sized streams flowing through the area may be impacted by stormwater runoff related to adjacent land use, roads, recreational activities, and...Baseline assessment of PAH concentrations in fish from the Stillaguamish River, Washington
The Issue: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of oil-derived compounds widely distributed in fresh and marine waters. They pose a significant toxicity risk to fish. It can be challenging to pinpoint the source of PAHs found in wild fish populations. PAHs are widespread and come from many sources, so it is hard to determine whether fish exposure is event-related or consistent with...Trend and source identification of mercury contamination in Mid-Columbia Basin Pacific lamprey larvae
The Issue: Mercury contamination and toxicity threaten Pacific lamprey recovery in the Columbia River basin. Methylmercury concentrations in larval Pacific lamprey from tributaries in the mid-Columbia were measured to be as high as 4.0 µg/g wet weight. At these concentration levels, injury is predicted to occur in more than 50% of larval and adult fish and more than 90% of early-life stage fish...White River Bioenergetics
The White River Basin is located in western Washington and drains an area of about 500 square miles. Rivers in the White River Basin are fed by melt water from glaciers on Mt. Rainier, runoff from snowmelt and rain, and groundwater discharge. Beginning in the early to mid-twentieth century, the White River from river mile (RM) 9 to its confluence with the Puyallup River was extensively channelized... - Data
Quinault River water temperature and salmon bioenergetics model data
This data release contains the complete set of modeling input and output files for a Heat Source water temperature model and fish bioenergetics model on the lower Quinault River in Washington state. A detailed description of the modeling process, results, and interpretation can be found in the associated primary publication.Counts, Fish Weights, and Spectral Data from a Juvenile Chinook Salmon Polyester Microplastic Fiber Exposure Study
This release includes all data collected in support of a juvenile Chinook salmon exposure study designed to understand the retention of microplastic clothing fibers (hereon referred to as "microfibers") after feeding. To understand the potential impacts of microfiber ingestion to fish, we ran a feeding experiment with juvenile Chinook salmon to determine if ingested fibers are retained and/or digeWater temperature and riparian vegetation survey data for the lower Quinault River, WA for select periods in 2018 and 2019
This data release includes hourly water temperature data at 12 locations in the main stem of the Quinault River and its major tributaries, and data from a riparian vegetation survey conducted in the lower Quinault River, Washington. Water temperature data was collected during the summer of 2018 and 2019 at most locations. Variable collection periods by site are described within the dataset. RipariMicroplastics in the Delaware River, 2018
This dataset describes the quantity and morphology of microplastics in water, sediment, fish, and mussel samples from the Delaware River and select tributaries, including portions of the Upper Delaware Scenic & Recreational River, Middle Delaware National Scenic River, Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, and Lower Delaware Scenic & Recreational River. Water and sediment samples were colleMicroplastics data collected from streams in the northeastern United States, 2017-2018
This dataset describes the quantity and morphology of microplastics in water, surficial sediment, sediment core, fish, and shellfish samples from Lake Mead National Recreation Area (Nevada/Arizona). Water and surficial sediment samples were collected once at 9 locations. A sediment core (33 cm long) was extracted from Las Vegas Bay to assess changes in microplastic deposition over time. Striped baInfluence of urbanization on the health of juvenile salmonids in Pacific Northwest perennial streams
Physical and chemical changes affect the biota within urban streams at varying scales ranging from individual organisms to populations and communities creating complex interactions that present challenges for characterizing and monitoring the impact on species utilizing these freshwater habitats. Salmonids, specifically cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch),Concentration of nitrate and other water-quality constituents in groundwater from the water table beneath forage fields receiving seasonal applications of dairy manure, Whatcom County, Washington (2015)
Application of dairy manure to cropland is intended to provide nutrients for crop growth and improve soil quality, the goal being to match the rate of nutrient application to that rate of nutrient removal by the crop. Nitrate contamination of groundwater is widespread and persistent in the shallow surficial aquifer of northwestern Whatcom County where dairy farming and forage production is a prima - Multimedia