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St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center images.

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A healthy reef with large live reef-building corals is juxtaposed against a degraded reef with dead corals.
Elkhorn Coral
Elkhorn Coral
Elkhorn Coral

The left panel shows the threatened elkhorn coral (Acropora palmata) alive and performing the critical ecosystem service of building the reef crest that protects shorelines during storms. The right panel shows a dead and quickly eroding skeleton of Elkhorn Coral.

The left panel shows the threatened elkhorn coral (Acropora palmata) alive and performing the critical ecosystem service of building the reef crest that protects shorelines during storms. The right panel shows a dead and quickly eroding skeleton of Elkhorn Coral.

USGS team member on personal watercraft collecting single-beam bathymetry in the nearshore at Fire Island, New York
USGS researcher uses personal watercraft to collect nearshore data
USGS researcher uses personal watercraft to collect nearshore data
USGS researcher uses personal watercraft to collect nearshore data

Fire Island is a 50-km long barrier island along the south shore of Long Island, NY. The island is comprised of seventeen year-round communities; federal, state, and county parks; and supports distinct ecosystems alongside areas of economic and cultural value.

Fire Island is a 50-km long barrier island along the south shore of Long Island, NY. The island is comprised of seventeen year-round communities; federal, state, and county parks; and supports distinct ecosystems alongside areas of economic and cultural value.

Ground-penetrating radar equipment being towed along the ground behind the dunes at Fire Island, New York
Ground-penetrating radar equipment being towed along the ground
Ground-penetrating radar equipment being towed along the ground
Ground-penetrating radar equipment being towed along the ground

Fire Island is a 50-km long barrier island along the south shore of Long Island, NY. The island is comprised of seventeen year-round communities; federal, state, and county parks; and supports distinct ecosystems alongside areas of economic and cultural value.

Fire Island is a 50-km long barrier island along the south shore of Long Island, NY. The island is comprised of seventeen year-round communities; federal, state, and county parks; and supports distinct ecosystems alongside areas of economic and cultural value.

Dunes and beach at Fire Island, New York
Dunes and beach at Fire Island, New York
Dunes and beach at Fire Island, New York
Dunes and beach at Fire Island, New York

Fire Island is a 50-km long barrier island along the south shore of Long Island, NY. The island is comprised of seventeen year-round communities; federal, state, and county parks; and supports distinct ecosystems alongside areas of economic and cultural value.

Fire Island is a 50-km long barrier island along the south shore of Long Island, NY. The island is comprised of seventeen year-round communities; federal, state, and county parks; and supports distinct ecosystems alongside areas of economic and cultural value.

Images of Matanzas, Florida, from before and after Hurricane Matthew, and DEM showing the associated change
Orthomosaic and DEM images of Matanzas, Florida
Orthomosaic and DEM images of Matanzas, Florida
Orthomosaic and DEM images of Matanzas, Florida

Orthomosaic images of Matanzas, Florida, from (a) before and (b) after Hurricane Matthew, and (c) a digital elevation model (DEM) showing the associated topographic change. Note, these results were produced by applying Structure-from-Motion (SfM) to NOAA oblique photographs, but similar results can be obtained using UAS aerial imagery.

Orthomosaic images of Matanzas, Florida, from (a) before and (b) after Hurricane Matthew, and (c) a digital elevation model (DEM) showing the associated topographic change. Note, these results were produced by applying Structure-from-Motion (SfM) to NOAA oblique photographs, but similar results can be obtained using UAS aerial imagery.

Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer
Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer
Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer
Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer

We use a Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) to determine the Sr/Ca in coral aragonite samples in the laboratory at the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center.

We use a Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) to determine the Sr/Ca in coral aragonite samples in the laboratory at the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center.

Using the computer-driven triaxial micro-milling machine to subsample a coral slab. 
Computer-driven triaxial micro-milling machine
Computer-driven triaxial micro-milling machine
Computer-driven triaxial micro-milling machine

Using the computer-driven triaxial micro-milling machine to subsample a coral slab. 

A reef core collected from Dry Tortugas National Park.
Reef core collected from Dry Tortugas National Park.
Reef core collected from Dry Tortugas National Park.
Reef core collected from Dry Tortugas National Park.

A reef core collected from Dry Tortugas National Park. Numbers indicate the depth of penetration into the reef in feet.

Calcareous trochospiral estuarine foraminifera Ammonia tepida from Grand Bay
Calcareous estuarine foraminifera Ammonia tepida from Grand Bay
Calcareous estuarine foraminifera Ammonia tepida from Grand Bay
Calcareous estuarine foraminifera Ammonia tepida from Grand Bay

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of calcareous trochospiral estuarine foraminifera Ammonia tepida collected from Grand Bay estuary

Calcareous planispiral estuarine foraminifera Cribroelphidium poeyanum from Grand Bay
Calcareous estuarine foraminifera Cribroelphidium poeyanum
Calcareous estuarine foraminifera Cribroelphidium poeyanum
Calcareous estuarine foraminifera Cribroelphidium poeyanum

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of calcareous planispiral estuarine foraminifera Cribroelphidium poeyanum collected from Grand Bay estuary.

Low dunes near Cape Canaveral launch pads 39A and 39B often overwash during storm events
Low dunes near Cape Canaveral launch pads often overwash during storms
Low dunes near Cape Canaveral launch pads often overwash during storms
Low dunes near Cape Canaveral launch pads often overwash during storms

Low dunes near Cape Canaveral launch pads 39A and 39B often overwash during storm events, transporting sand landward. Critical infrastructure may be buried or flooded. In addition, significant landward transport of sand may lead to extensive shoreline erosion.

Low dunes near Cape Canaveral launch pads 39A and 39B often overwash during storm events, transporting sand landward. Critical infrastructure may be buried or flooded. In addition, significant landward transport of sand may lead to extensive shoreline erosion.

Series of four photos that show the same reef in 1971, 1988, 1998, and 2004.
Time series of Grecian Rocks coral reef
Time series of Grecian Rocks coral reef
Time series of Grecian Rocks coral reef

Time series of the coral reef at Grecian Rocks (Key Largo, FL) illustrating an example of the dramatic decline in live coral on Florida Keys reefs in recent decades. From Shinn and Kuffner (2017).

Time series of the coral reef at Grecian Rocks (Key Largo, FL) illustrating an example of the dramatic decline in live coral on Florida Keys reefs in recent decades. From Shinn and Kuffner (2017).

Views of Cowells Beach in Santa Cruz, California, from a 10-minute video shot on May 6, 2017
Views of Cowells Beach in Santa Cruz, California, from a video
Views of Cowells Beach in Santa Cruz, California, from a video
Views of Cowells Beach in Santa Cruz, California, from a video

Views of Cowells Beach in Santa Cruz, California, from a 10-minute video shot on May 6, 2017. Snapshot (first frame in video) on left; time-averaged image on right.

Photo collage of marshy and sandy scenes from Fire Island
Banner with photo collage of marshy and sandy scenes from Fire Island
Banner with photo collage of marshy and sandy scenes from Fire Island
Banner with photo collage of marshy and sandy scenes from Fire Island

Banner with photo collage showing researchers in marshy and sandy scenes from the back barrier area of Fire Island, New York.

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