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Core Science Systems images.

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A topographic map showing bedrock topography in a scale from green (deep) to brown (shallow) with a river valley in green.
Bedrock Elevation of the Berne, Domestic, Geneva, and Willshire 7.5-Minute Quadrangles, Indiana-Ohio
Bedrock Elevation of the Berne, Domestic, Geneva, and Willshire 7.5-Minute Quadrangles, Indiana-Ohio
Bedrock Elevation of the Berne, Domestic, Geneva, and Willshire 7.5-Minute Quadrangles, Indiana-Ohio

This map is an updated bedrock topography map for the eastern extent of the Lafayette Bedrock Valley System in Indiana and Ohio which depicts a portion of an ancient river drainage valley. This image is used with the permission of the Indiana Geological and Water Survey and the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey. 

This map is an updated bedrock topography map for the eastern extent of the Lafayette Bedrock Valley System in Indiana and Ohio which depicts a portion of an ancient river drainage valley. This image is used with the permission of the Indiana Geological and Water Survey and the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey. 

Location of the nine River Input Monitoring (RIM) stations in the Chesapeake Bay watershed
Location of the nine River Input Monitoring (RIM) stations
Location of the nine River Input Monitoring (RIM) stations
Location of the nine River Input Monitoring (RIM) stations

Figure 1. Location of the nine River Input Monitoring (RIM) stations in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.

Several vehicles and a large underground drilling rig with a few people in a field beside a building.
Field photo of core drilling collaboration project between Indiana and Ohio
Field photo of core drilling collaboration project between Indiana and Ohio
Field photo of core drilling collaboration project between Indiana and Ohio

This is a field photo of geologists from the Indiana Geological and Water Survey and Ohio Geological Survey conducting core drilling of glacial sediments. The information gained from this project aided in the development of a bedrock topography map of a buried ancient river bed. 

This is a field photo of geologists from the Indiana Geological and Water Survey and Ohio Geological Survey conducting core drilling of glacial sediments. The information gained from this project aided in the development of a bedrock topography map of a buried ancient river bed. 

This image of a drill core shows four sections of core in casings with sediment ranging in size from gravel to silt.
Indiana Geological and Water Survey "golden spike" drill core.
Indiana Geological and Water Survey "golden spike" drill core.
Indiana Geological and Water Survey "golden spike" drill core.

This is a 20 foot section of a drill core collected by the Indiana Geological and Water Survey (IGWS). IGWS geologists dub these cores "golden spikes" when they are drilled deep enough to reach the underlying bedrock.

This is a 20 foot section of a drill core collected by the Indiana Geological and Water Survey (IGWS). IGWS geologists dub these cores "golden spikes" when they are drilled deep enough to reach the underlying bedrock.

Landsat 9 image of Northern Madagascar
Landsat 9 image of Northern Madagascar
Landsat 9 image of Northern Madagascar
Landsat 9 image of Northern Madagascar

The Betsiboka River in Northern Madagascar is seen in this Landsat 9 natural color image from December 7, 2021. Extensive logging has left the land vulnerable, and iron rich soils are washed into the river, coloring it a reddish orange as it flows to the Betsiboka estuary delta.

Product ID LC09_L1TP_160071_20211207_20220120_02_T1

The Betsiboka River in Northern Madagascar is seen in this Landsat 9 natural color image from December 7, 2021. Extensive logging has left the land vulnerable, and iron rich soils are washed into the river, coloring it a reddish orange as it flows to the Betsiboka estuary delta.

Product ID LC09_L1TP_160071_20211207_20220120_02_T1

Landsat Headline text
Landsat Science Team Meeting Virtually Held
Landsat Science Team Meeting Virtually Held
charts and graphs
Human or natural? Landscape context improves the attribution of forest disturbances mapped from Landsat in Central Europe
Human or natural? Landscape context improves the attribution of forest disturbances mapped from Landsat in Central Europe
Human or natural? Landscape context improves the attribution of forest disturbances mapped from Landsat in Central Europe

Deforestation can happen naturally, through infestation of native beetles and extreme weather. However, people can intentionally clear forests for timber and other industries. Difference between the two can be difficult to diagnose.



Landsat Missions Website Changes
Landsat Mission Website Changes
Landsat Mission Website Changes
Landsat Mission Website Changes

On Tuesday December 7, 2021, updates were made to all USGS webpages, including the Landsat Missions Web Site (LMWS). 

Learn more here: https://www.usgs.gov/landsat-missions/news/landsat-mission-web-site-cha…

10 Millionth Landsat Image
10 Millionth Landsat Image
10 Millionth Landsat Image
10 Millionth Landsat Image

On November 23, 2021, the Landsat Archive added its ten millionth image. The Landsat 7 scene was acquired over the Dead Sea and is shown as a false color image using the short-wave infrared, near infrared and red bands (bands 5,4,3).

On November 23, 2021, the Landsat Archive added its ten millionth image. The Landsat 7 scene was acquired over the Dead Sea and is shown as a false color image using the short-wave infrared, near infrared and red bands (bands 5,4,3).

Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 images of an area of Queensland, Australia acquired during the satellite's underfly event
Queensland Australia Landsat 8-Landsat 9 Underfly Images
Queensland Australia Landsat 8-Landsat 9 Underfly Images
Queensland Australia Landsat 8-Landsat 9 Underfly Images

These images of an area in south central Queensland, Australia were acquired by the instruments onboard both Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 on November 15, 2021, as Landsat 9 flew beneath Landsat 8 as the satellite continued its climb to nominal orbital altitude.

These images of an area in south central Queensland, Australia were acquired by the instruments onboard both Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 on November 15, 2021, as Landsat 9 flew beneath Landsat 8 as the satellite continued its climb to nominal orbital altitude.

Common Landsat Band Combinations
Common Landsat Band Combinations
Common Landsat Band Combinations
Common Landsat Band Combinations

This graphic displays a few of the common band Red-Green-Blue (RGB) combinations of Landsat data. For more information about using Landsat bands in your research, visit the following pages: 

This graphic displays a few of the common band Red-Green-Blue (RGB) combinations of Landsat data. For more information about using Landsat bands in your research, visit the following pages: 

color photo of grasslands in Guymon, OK
Guymon, OK underfly one
Guymon, OK underfly one
Guymon, OK underfly one

Thick vegetation at a Guymon, Oklahoma, site required parking a quarter-mile away. The pickup is visible at the top center of the photo, which was taken on November 11, 2021, the first characterization day there. (Photo by Jeff Irwin, USGS)

Thick vegetation at a Guymon, Oklahoma, site required parking a quarter-mile away. The pickup is visible at the top center of the photo, which was taken on November 11, 2021, the first characterization day there. (Photo by Jeff Irwin, USGS)

satellite map of zhouzhou, china
C2L2 Factsheet Image
C2L2 Factsheet Image
C2L2 Factsheet Image

Landsat 5 images of Zhuozhou, China, on September 7, 1999, showing top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance; Level-2 surface reflectance (SR); and Level-2 surface temperature (ST), in Kelvin (K). View fact sheet at Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Science Products (usgs.gov).

Landsat 5 images of Zhuozhou, China, on September 7, 1999, showing top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance; Level-2 surface reflectance (SR); and Level-2 surface temperature (ST), in Kelvin (K). View fact sheet at Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 Science Products (usgs.gov).

Color Landsat 9 image of Lake Erie
Landsat 9 First Light Detroit & Lake Erie
Landsat 9 First Light Detroit & Lake Erie
Landsat 9 First Light Detroit & Lake Erie

Sediments swirl in Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair in this Landsat 9 image of both Detroit, Michigan, and Windsor, Ontario, from Oct. 31, 2021. The Great Lakes serve as sources of freshwater, recreational activity, transport, and habitat for the upper-midwestern US, and water quality remains a high priority. 

Sediments swirl in Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair in this Landsat 9 image of both Detroit, Michigan, and Windsor, Ontario, from Oct. 31, 2021. The Great Lakes serve as sources of freshwater, recreational activity, transport, and habitat for the upper-midwestern US, and water quality remains a high priority. 

satellite image of himalayas
Landsat 9 First Light Image of the Himalayas
Landsat 9 First Light Image of the Himalayas
Landsat 9 First Light Image of the Himalayas

The city of Kathmandu, Nepal, seen at the bottom left of this Landsat 9 image, lies in a valley south of the Himalayan Mountainsbetween Nepal and China. Glaciers, and the lakes formed by glacial meltwater, are visible in the top middle of this image.

The city of Kathmandu, Nepal, seen at the bottom left of this Landsat 9 image, lies in a valley south of the Himalayan Mountainsbetween Nepal and China. Glaciers, and the lakes formed by glacial meltwater, are visible in the top middle of this image.

Color Landsat 9 image of Navajo Nation
Navajo Nation
Navajo Nation
Navajo Nation

In the Western U.S., in places like the Navajo Nation as seen in this Landsat 9 image, Landsat and other satellite data help people monitor drought conditions and manage irrigation water. With only 85 rain gauges to cover more than 27,000 square miles, satellite data and climate models are filling the gaps to help the Navajo Nation monitor drought severity.

In the Western U.S., in places like the Navajo Nation as seen in this Landsat 9 image, Landsat and other satellite data help people monitor drought conditions and manage irrigation water. With only 85 rain gauges to cover more than 27,000 square miles, satellite data and climate models are filling the gaps to help the Navajo Nation monitor drought severity.

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