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Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center

The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, is a global leader in land imaging, using remotely sensed data to track how Earth is changing. EROS provides reliable, science-based information to help decision-makers understand how shifts in land use, cover, and condition affect people and the environment. 

This work is supported by an authoritative national archive of Earth observation data—housing more than 85 years of satellite and aerial records, including the complete Landsat collection. As the operational home of Landsat 8 and 9, EROS delivers daily observations that inform natural resource assessments, support national security, and help communities prepare for the future.

News

Landsat Illustrates the Life Cycle of a Mine

Landsat Illustrates the Life Cycle of a Mine

NASA Releases Landsat 10 Spacecraft Request for Proposal

NASA Releases Landsat 10 Spacecraft Request for Proposal

Latest in Landsat July 2026 - Vol. 5 | Issue 7

Latest in Landsat July 2026 - Vol. 5 | Issue 7

Publications

Reassessing water availability in the Nile River Basin using satellite-based irrigation water use accounting Reassessing water availability in the Nile River Basin using satellite-based irrigation water use accounting

Existing estimates of irrigation areas and water use in the Nile River Basin vary widely and are based on inconsistent data and methodologies. This study leverages advances in remote sensing to provide an up-to-date and consistent basin-wide reassessment of water use in the Nile River Basin. Land cover and actual evapotranspiration data from 2013 to 2022 were used to quantify irrigated...
Authors
Mekdelawit M. Deribe, Gabriel B. Senay, Belete B. Kidanewold, A.M. Melesse

On-demand global Landsat evapotranspiration product: Development, evaluation, and dissemination On-demand global Landsat evapotranspiration product: Development, evaluation, and dissemination

Global actual evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the essential climate variables needed to understand and manage the relationships among food, energy, and water resources. The U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center launched a provisional ET product in 2020, offering on-demand, field-scale global coverage derived from Landsat data through the EROS...
Authors
Gabriel B. Senay, Gabriel Edwin Lee Parrish, Kul Bikram Khand, Lei Ji, Ray Dittmeier, MacKenzie Friedrichs, John Volk, Charles Morton, Leonardo Laipelt, Stefanie Kagone, Sheila M. Cochrane, Jordan Dornbierer, Saeed Arab, Calli Jenkerson, Anderson Ruhoff, Michael Budde

Comparative crop yield forecasting using satellite-derived biophysical and agro-climatic predictors in Sub-Saharan Africa Comparative crop yield forecasting using satellite-derived biophysical and agro-climatic predictors in Sub-Saharan Africa

Timely and accurate crop yield forecasting is central to food security early warning systems, particularly in climate-vulnerable regions. While operational forecasting frameworks commonly rely on precipitation and vegetation indices such as NDVI, their ability to provide actionable lead time remains limited. Here, we evaluate the added value of satellite-derived biophysical Essential...
Authors
Barnali Das, Shraddhanand Shukla, Frank Davenport, Greg Husak, Chris Funk, Karyn Tabor, James Rowland, Michael Budde, James Verdin

Science

EROS User Services

Your trusted resource for USGS EROS data and tools. As the primary contact point for the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) center, we help thousands of users each year access and understand our vast archive of remotely sensed imagery and science products.
EROS User Services

EROS User Services

Your trusted resource for USGS EROS data and tools. As the primary contact point for the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) center, we help thousands of users each year access and understand our vast archive of remotely sensed imagery and science products.
Learn More

eVIIRS NDVI Data Dictionary

The Data Dictionaries are a set of information describing the contents, format, and structure of elements for EarthExplorer products.
eVIIRS NDVI Data Dictionary

eVIIRS NDVI Data Dictionary

The Data Dictionaries are a set of information describing the contents, format, and structure of elements for EarthExplorer products.
Learn More

USGS Sagebrush Science: Supporting Public Safety and Economic Decision Making Across the West

The sagebrush biome is one of the largest ecosystems in North America. Encompassing nearly one-third of the continental U.S., it provides critical resources for millions of Americans and a home for hundreds of plants and animal species in the West. Natural resource management in sagebrush ecosystems can be complex, and science can support management decisions by providing knowledge and tools to...
USGS Sagebrush Science: Supporting Public Safety and Economic Decision Making Across the West

USGS Sagebrush Science: Supporting Public Safety and Economic Decision Making Across the West

The sagebrush biome is one of the largest ecosystems in North America. Encompassing nearly one-third of the continental U.S., it provides critical resources for millions of Americans and a home for hundreds of plants and animal species in the West. Natural resource management in sagebrush ecosystems can be complex, and science can support management decisions by providing knowledge and tools to...
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