This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
Get the facts and figures about the USGS Streamgaging Network, one of the largest streamgaging enterprises in the world!
All numbers below are for 2023.
National Streamgage Network
11,885 Streamgages
- 8,635 monitor streamflow and water level year-round
- 3,250 only record water level or operate less than year-round
- More than 80,000 streamflow measurements made by hydrographers
- Centennial Streamgages - have more than 100 years of records
- CY 2024 - 900
- CY 2023 - 844
Federal Priority Streamgages
3,438 active streamgages
- 1,318 eligible locations inactive due to lack of funding
Funding
Approximately $200 million
- $58 million from Federal appropriations
- Approximately $162 million from nearly 1,500 partners
Water Data Delivery
In FY23, 1.48 billion of the 2.21 billion requests for USGS water information were for streamflow data
- Nearly 98% of requests fulfilled through web services
Below are other science projects associated with the USGS streamgaging network.
USGS Streamgaging Network
Rapid Deployment Gages (RDGs)
Streamgaging Basics
Federal Priority Streamgages (FPS)
Surge, Wave, and Tide Hydrologic (SWaTH) Network in Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2023 to September 30, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2023 to September 30, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
Video Description – October to December 2022
Video Description – October to December 2022
Video Description – Water Year: October 2021 to September 2022
Video Description – Water Year: October 2021 to September 2022
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic daily record of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2022 to September 30, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic daily record of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2022 to September 30, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2022 to June 30, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2022 to June 30, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2022 to March 31, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2022 to March 31, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2021 to September 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2021 to September 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This animation shows the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This animation shows the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2019 to June 1, 2019. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2019 to June 1, 2019. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
Below are data or web applications associated with the USGS streamgaging network.
National Water Dashboard (NWD)
The National Water Dashboard (NWD) is a mobile, interactive tool that provides real-time information on water levels, weather, and flood forecasts - all in one place on a computer, smartphone, or other mobile device. The NWD presents real-time stream, lake and reservoir, precipitation, and groundwater data from more than 13,500 USGS observation stations across the country.
WaterAlert
The U.S. Geological Survey WaterAlert service provides notifications to your email or phone for changes in water conditions based on thresholds you choose.
NWIS Current Water Data for the Nation (Real-Time Data)
The USGS provides real-time or near-real-time conditions water data at sites across the Nation. Current data typically are recorded at 15- to 60-minute intervals, stored onsite, and then transmitted to USGS offices every 1 to 4 hours, depending on the data relay technique used. Recording and transmission times may be more frequent during critical events.
WaterWatch (surface water)
WaterWatch displays maps, graphs, and tables describing real-time, recent, and past streamflow conditions for the United States, including flood and droughts. Real-time information generally is updated on an hourly basis.
Federal Priority Streamgages (FPS) Mapper
This mapper identifies USGS Federal Priority Streamgages (FPS). FPS are monitoring stations that track the amount of water in streams and rivers across the Nation to meet long-term federal information needs. They are strategically positioned to serve as a backbone for the larger National Streamflow Network that is operated in cooperation with over 1,200 federal, state, tribal, and local agencies.
USGS Water Services
This site serves USGS water data (streamflow, groundwater, water quality, site information, and statistics) via automated means using web services and extensible markup language (XML), as well as other popular media types. Services are invoked with the REST protocol. These services designed for high fault tolerance and very high availability.
Endangered, Discontinued, and Rescued Streamgages Mapper
This mapper identifies USGS streamgages that are in danger of being discontinued or converted to a reduced level of service due to lack of funding, gages that already have been discontinued, and gages that have been ‘rescued’ by a new funding source.
Get the facts and figures about the USGS Streamgaging Network, one of the largest streamgaging enterprises in the world!
All numbers below are for 2023.
National Streamgage Network
11,885 Streamgages
- 8,635 monitor streamflow and water level year-round
- 3,250 only record water level or operate less than year-round
- More than 80,000 streamflow measurements made by hydrographers
- Centennial Streamgages - have more than 100 years of records
- CY 2024 - 900
- CY 2023 - 844
Federal Priority Streamgages
3,438 active streamgages
- 1,318 eligible locations inactive due to lack of funding
Funding
Approximately $200 million
- $58 million from Federal appropriations
- Approximately $162 million from nearly 1,500 partners
Water Data Delivery
In FY23, 1.48 billion of the 2.21 billion requests for USGS water information were for streamflow data
- Nearly 98% of requests fulfilled through web services
Below are other science projects associated with the USGS streamgaging network.
USGS Streamgaging Network
Rapid Deployment Gages (RDGs)
Streamgaging Basics
Federal Priority Streamgages (FPS)
Surge, Wave, and Tide Hydrologic (SWaTH) Network in Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2023 to September 30, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2023 to September 30, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic record of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
Video Description – October to December 2022
Video Description – October to December 2022
Video Description – Water Year: October 2021 to September 2022
Video Description – Water Year: October 2021 to September 2022
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic daily record of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2022 to September 30, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions relative to the historic daily record of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2022 to September 30, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2022 to June 30, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2022 to June 30, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2022 to March 31, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2022 to March 31, 2022. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2021 to September 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2021 to September 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The river conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). A purple outer ring around a gage indicates it is flooding.
This animation shows the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This animation shows the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from July 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from April 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from October 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2019 to June 1, 2019. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
This is an animation showing the changing conditions of USGS streamgages from January 1, 2019 to June 1, 2019. The conditions shown range from the driest condition seen at a gage (red open circles) to the wettest (blue closed circles). There is also a purple ring added to indicate gages that are flooding.
Below are data or web applications associated with the USGS streamgaging network.
National Water Dashboard (NWD)
The National Water Dashboard (NWD) is a mobile, interactive tool that provides real-time information on water levels, weather, and flood forecasts - all in one place on a computer, smartphone, or other mobile device. The NWD presents real-time stream, lake and reservoir, precipitation, and groundwater data from more than 13,500 USGS observation stations across the country.
WaterAlert
The U.S. Geological Survey WaterAlert service provides notifications to your email or phone for changes in water conditions based on thresholds you choose.
NWIS Current Water Data for the Nation (Real-Time Data)
The USGS provides real-time or near-real-time conditions water data at sites across the Nation. Current data typically are recorded at 15- to 60-minute intervals, stored onsite, and then transmitted to USGS offices every 1 to 4 hours, depending on the data relay technique used. Recording and transmission times may be more frequent during critical events.
WaterWatch (surface water)
WaterWatch displays maps, graphs, and tables describing real-time, recent, and past streamflow conditions for the United States, including flood and droughts. Real-time information generally is updated on an hourly basis.
Federal Priority Streamgages (FPS) Mapper
This mapper identifies USGS Federal Priority Streamgages (FPS). FPS are monitoring stations that track the amount of water in streams and rivers across the Nation to meet long-term federal information needs. They are strategically positioned to serve as a backbone for the larger National Streamflow Network that is operated in cooperation with over 1,200 federal, state, tribal, and local agencies.
USGS Water Services
This site serves USGS water data (streamflow, groundwater, water quality, site information, and statistics) via automated means using web services and extensible markup language (XML), as well as other popular media types. Services are invoked with the REST protocol. These services designed for high fault tolerance and very high availability.
Endangered, Discontinued, and Rescued Streamgages Mapper
This mapper identifies USGS streamgages that are in danger of being discontinued or converted to a reduced level of service due to lack of funding, gages that already have been discontinued, and gages that have been ‘rescued’ by a new funding source.